Data storage capacity is projected to reach 2.5 Yottabytes by 2050. Historically, the amount of installed data storage has increased by three orders of magnitude approximately every 30 years: from exceeding 1 Exabyte in 1980 to 1 Zettabyte in 2012, and now to exceed 1 Yottabyte anticipated in the mid-2040s. To meet the demand within the next decade, data storage supply must grow over 100-fold—not only in capacity but also in cost efficiency, performance, and media longevity. Furthermore, energy efficiency must improve even more significantly.