Abstract
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DNA data storage is emerging as a revolutionary solution for long-term data preservation due to its unmatched density, durability, and sustainability. However, the process of encoding, synthesizing, sequencing, and decoding DNA introduces errors and erasures that must be effectively managed to ensure data integrity. Traditional error correction methods, such as Reed-Solomon (RS) codes, are not optimized for the unique noise characteristics of the DNA storage channel, limiting their efficiency.
To address this challenge, we introduce DNAe2c (DNA Noise Aware Errors Erasures Cleaner), a novel error correction code specifically designed for DNA-based data storage. DNAe2c exploits knowledge of the error and erasure patterns inherent to the DNA data channel, enabling more effective noise mitigation. By leveraging state-of-the-art probabilistic models trained on both simulated and real-world sequencing data, DNAe2c significantly outperforms RS codes, achieving a 10× improvement in error correction.
One of the key advantages of DNAe2c is its efficiency in redundancy management. While traditional RS-based approaches often require substantial redundancy to achieve reliable error correction, DNAe2c maintains high performance with less than 20% redundancy overhead. This makes it a computationally and storage-efficient solution, reducing costs and improving scalability for practical DNA data storage applications.
The results demonstrate that DNAe2c is a promising candidate for next-generation DNA archival storage, paving the way for more robust, efficient, and scalable solutions. As DNA-based storage moves closer to widespread adoption, advanced error correction techniques like DNAe2c will play a crucial role in enhancing reliability and accelerating commercial viability.